Analytical Essay Sample on #8220;A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings” by Gabriel Garcia Marquez

Systematic Essay Sample on #8220;A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† by Gabriel Garcia Marquez The short story â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† by Gabriel Garcia Marquez uncovered the propensities of human instinct and society when all is said in done. The responses of the considerable number of individuals from the network to the occasions in the story mirror their tendencies as people, both great and awful. Pelayo lives in provincial territory with his better half and kid. One evening he was stunned to locate that an exceptionally elderly person with wings was lying face down in the mud in his patio. From the start he was terrified and raced to recover his significant other to perceive what she would think about it. Upon her appearance they had both gazed at the man together in a quiet trance for a long while. This is a commonplace response from a great many people in such a circumstance. From the start they were in a condition of dread, dread of the new. At the point when individuals are presented to a situation that is strange for them and clashes with their regular day to day existences they develop apprehensive and even threatening. At that point a phase of interest follows, Pelayo and his significant other discreetly watch the man from a separation as to accumulate any data they can about him. Subsequent to watching the man who appeared to be delicate and uncouth they choose to cal l upon a neighbor who may be proficient in such circumstances. She burned through no time in broadcasting that he should be a â€Å"angel†. Her response to the man with wings was impacted simply by her confidence. Her visually impaired supposition that was made as a result of what she has been educated and what she needed to accept. This is run of the mill of individuals who are exceptionally strict as they will in general decipher different occasions as having a more profound progressively important criticalness. â€Å"The heavenly attendant was held hostage in Pelayo’s house.† (Marquez 487) Marquez’s selection of words mirrors her aim to show Pelayo’s antagonistic vibe towards the holy messenger. He likewise looked out for him throughout the evening with a bailiff’s club. He is clearly questionable of the blessed messenger and chooses to detain him and play it safe. He doesn't have a favorable opinion of the holy messenger since he â€Å"drags† him into in a chicken coop and locks him up among the hens. This demonstration shows essential human instinct, the heavenly attendant was old, ugly, and dilapidated, so he hurls him in a dirty coop. Pelayo makes a decision about him exclusively on his appearance, had the â€Å"angel† seemed as though a heavenly attendant should like and had been all white, alluring, and modern, Pelayo would doubtlessly respect and regard him as opposed to treat him like a creature. Pelayo even thought about putting him on a pontoon and leaving him to kick the bucket on the high oceans. The individuals from the network immediately learned of this â€Å"angel† that has been found and they turned out to be intrigued. â€Å"The most straightforward among them felt that he ought to be named city hall leader of the world. Others of sterner psyche felt that he ought to be provoked to the position of five-star general so as to win all wars. A few visionaries trusted that he could be put to stud so as to embed on earth a race of winged insightful who could assume responsibility for the universe.† (Marquez 488) This shows the expectations and desires for the individuals from the network. Many had dreams of loftiness and had depended on this blessed messenger to stop every single common issue as though he was sent down from god. These desires anyway were not levelheaded, they were simply founded on their own convictions and the promotion that this holy messenger had created. People by and large are continually searching for the path of least resistance and the most straightforward approach to get a way to their end. This holy messenger filled in as the appropriate response they had all sought after. As the story pushes ahead the individuals of the town come to understand that this holy messenger was not in any way what they had expected nor sought after. They have developed threatening towards him, they had started pulling out his quills, tossing stones at him, or in any event, consuming him with an iron. This sort of response isn't strange in such a circumstance, they have become exhausted of this heavenly attendant as he never really lie still and attempt to make himself agreeable. This sort of conduct is exemplified in regular day to day existence on account of famous people. As performers they keep us delighted and satisfy our requirements, yet when their item turns stale or their tunes get played out we lose intrigue and betray them. We see this regularly on late night TV where hosts make jokes about such big names, as of late we have seen what the media publicity has done to Michael Jackson’s notoriety. Then the jubilee has come into town and out of nowhere everybod y has disregarded the heavenly attendant and quit mindful. Why see the blessed messenger when you can see the tarantula lady? Something greater and better has emerged and the individuals of the network have proceeded onward to the following huge thing. For what reason do individuals act the manner in which they do? Is it childishness? Man’s most noteworthy objective is his own satisfaction, in this way he can in some cases be uncaring toward the individuals that he strolls all over so as to accomplish it. Selflessness is conceivable, however and still, at the end of the day man increases some fulfillment from his unselfish demonstration, which adds to his bliss. The general public in this short story impeccably reflects human instinct and how it here and there can be revolting. Be that as it may, generally people can separate what is and isn't good and act nicely.

Georgia O’Keeffe Essays -- Historiography

Georgia O’Keeffe is one of the most popular and disputable painters known to America. As indicated by craftsmanship pundit Lisa Mintz Messinger, â€Å"She [Georgia O’Keeffe] left behind a rich inheritance of American pictures that were attached to the land. These pictures and her own spearheading soul, built up a renowned notoriety in America right off the bat in her career† (Messinger 17). O’Keeffe is most popular for her enormous works of art of blossoms, the New York horizon and scenes from New Mexico. Since the time Georgia O’Keeffe started giving her work in 1916, pundits have had various assessments on what her artistic creations spoke to. Perhaps the greatest discussion with respect to her works of art has been whether her artistic creations were suggestive. The absolute greatest pundits of her works are Robert Hughes, Lisa Mintz Messinger, Katherine Hoffman and Georgia O’Keeffe herself. Every one of the four of these individuals have helped shape O’Keeffe into a notorious figure of explicitly charged canvases. Georgia O’Keeffe first came into the lime light after her companion Anita Pollitzer presented some of O’Keeffe’s attempts to the acclaimed Alfred Stieglitz (Hoffman 5). Indeed, even from these first charcoal drawings, pundits saw the sensuality in her show-stoppers. Probably the greatest pundit of her work is the prominent Robert Hughes. In his book, American Visions: The Epic History of Art in America, Hughes investigates American artists’ works, including O’Keeffe. As per Hughes, â€Å"Much ink has been spilled on the subject of whether O’Keeffe ever embarked to utilize explicitly genital pictures; she herself resentfully denied it, and particularly wouldn't face any sexual translation of the huge close-ups of blossoms she painted in the twenties. To prevent the sexuality from claiming a work of art like Black Iris III, 1926,... ...a Bricker. â€Å"Review: Stieglitz.† Stieglitz 55.2 (1996): 105-106. Web. 23 October 2009. Cowart, Jack, et al. Georgia O'Keeffe: Art and Letters. Washington; Boston: National Gallery of Art; New York Graphic Society Books, 1987. Print. Hoffman, Katherine, and Georgia O'Keeffe. An Enduring Spirit: The Art of Georgia O'Keeffe. Metuchen: Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1984. Print. Hughes, Robert. American Visions: The Epic History of Art in America. first ed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1997. Print. Messinger, Lisa Mintz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Georgia O'Keeffe. Georgia O'Keeffe. New York: Thames and Hudson Inc.; Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2001. Print. Middleton, Ken.â€Å"1920’s: American Women through Time.†www.frankmtsu.edu. N.d. Web. 25 Sep. 2009. â€Å"Introduction to Modern Art.† metmuseum.org. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 18 June 2009. Web. 25 Sep. 2009.

Seen and Not Seen

Seen and Not Seen DID YOU KNOW? The melody of Sir Andrew Lloyd Webbers I Dont Know How To Love Him is remarkably similar to that of the second movement of Mendelssohns violin concerto. When approached with this information, Sir Andrew remarked that it was amazing that two composers could come up with the exact same sequence of notes. There is so much I wanted to do for IAP for no other reason than so I could blog to you about it, but the incredible wealth of activities on the IAP calendar with my busy schedule of turning turkeys into oil and blogging, I actually dont have time to participate in every single IAP activity that strikes my fancy. Its tragic, to say the least, but it just goes to show you how much there is to do during IAP. One thing I did do is fry forty-six meatballs this weekend for the Mafia potluck. I asked you folks last entry whether I should make meatballs or potato-bean soup for the Mafia potluck at NH4, and Sams Mom settled the issue with this bit of logic: I was going to tell you to make the soup because it sounds easier, but since it is a Mafia potluck, I guess the meatballs would be more appropriate. So, an entire day of simmering sauce and 45 minutes of frying later, I had forty-six nigh-perfect meatballs to show for my work. I ended up with half of one at the end of the night, so I guess it was a jorb well done. A pox on Jeremy and Javier for killing Laura and I (the two inspectors, no less) on their first turn as mafia. Now heres me blogging about some stuff that I didnt do but that looked pretty cool. The MIT Ringtone Competition Judges Guest judge: Edge from U2 Marvin Minsky Tod Machover Mary Farbood Submissions January 9, 2006 (9:00a.m. EST) to January 22, 2006 (11:59PM EST) How to enter Download Hyperscore and create your Ringtone. From Hyperscore, submit your Ringtone by clicking Share Menu, then Upload Music and selecting MIT Ringtone Competition Submission At the marching bands suggestion, I was actually working on a version of We Are The Engineers for this competition, but I got caught up in some of my other musical projects, and it turns out that the software for this isnt so user friendly. Dont tell H-Lounge I said that. Also, I wasnt too interested in the prize of a VIP card to any of Bostons clubs, and the otherwise exciting prospect of meeting U2s the Edge was diminished somewhat by the inevitable social awkwardness of meeting himI mean, his first name is technically the, right? How do I greet him? Hey there, The! Hello, Mr. Edge! I just dont know. Laboratory for Chocolate Sciences Chocolate Tour of Boston Ever wondered where to buy the best and most intersting chocolate. How you been wanting to go to Finale but have had no one to go with you. Come join your fellow chocolatiers in a guided tour of all the chocolate hot spots in Boston including Burdicks, Cardullos, and La Fromaggio. Meet in Lobby 7 to join tour. I was actually fully intending to go to this, but it was snowing and then I woke up and went to see Ariel later and she was like, Oh, how was the chocolate thing? and I was like Good oh, wait, I forgot to go! Dangit! Just the concept of a chocolate tour of Boston seems pretty cool, although once again the excitement is diminished by the fact that I live a scant 20 minutes from Hershey, Pennsylvaniathe so-called, Sweetest Place on Earth. But tomorrow I will not forget to go to the MIT Integration Bee, and I will blog about that most mightily.

Analysis Of Wouter Slotboom, A Dutch Hacker - 1709 Words

Wouter Slotboom, a Dutch hacker, carries around a small black device, slightly larger than a pack of cigarettes, with an antenna on it. In a cafà © in Amsterdam, Slotbloom orders a cup of coffee and sits down. He then pulls his laptop out and turns both the laptop and the black box on. Slotbloom launches some programs, and soon the screen starts to fill with green text. It becomes clear the Slotbloom’s device is connecting to the laptops, smartphones, and tablets of the local cafà © visitors. Slotboom’s screen starts showing phrases like â€Å"iPhone Joris† and â€Å"Simone’s MacBook.† Then more text appears on screen. Slotboom can see the names of the Wi-Fi networks the devices were previously connected to. Slotboom learned that Joris had previously visited a McDonald’s, probably vacationed in Spain (a lot of Spanish-language network names), and had been kart-racing (he had connected to a local kart-racing center’s network). Slotboom got this information without even being connected to the Wi-Fi (Martijn, 2014). This is just one example of how easy it is for someone to uncover information on individuals. Even though some may think that the Internet is fundamentally secure, the reality is that Internet privacy is nonexistent. Companies are getting hacked and our personal data is being leaked. The United States government is collecting data on everyone that has been on the Internet, including U.S. citizens. Finally, status updates, tweets, and Instagram pictures are on social

The Qualitative Study Used For The Study Conducted By...

The qualitative study used for the study conducted by Oster, Mayan, and Toth (2013) was ethnography. Ethnography is a method of describing a culture and the behaviours that are exhibited (Barroso Cameron, 2013, p. 179). The limitation to utilizing this research method in Oster, Mayan, and Toth’s study, which primarily utilized focused ethnographies, is that the researchers may not involve participants from a similar community (2013). In order to address this aspect, the researchers should have conducted a Participatory Action Research (PAR), specifically Community-Based Participatory Research (Barroso Cameron, 2013, p. 187). Like ethnography, PAR allows the researchers to work towards improving the health of their participants.†¦show more content†¦Oster, Mayan, and Toth’s study found that every women interviewed had similar themes pertaining to diabetes and pregnancy, such as difficulty controlling blood sugar and overall health (2013). They also discovered the importance of improving pregnancy care in a way that will increase autonomy and available support systems (ie patient-centred approach) (Oster, Mayan, Toth, 2013). These findings can help guide future nursing practice because from early on, nurses are taught the importance of patience-centred, strength-based care (Gottlieb, 2014). Improving strength-based care in indigenous communities will allow members with gestational diabetes, let alone any other health conditions to build upon person and community assets when they are working to improve health. This process will put patients at the centre of care and allow them to be more involved in their health care and thereby gain knowledge about all aspects of personal health (Gottlieb, 2014). Additionally, when implementing patient-centred care and working to promote health, it is crucial nurses and other healthcare providers involve Western medicine and culturally accepted methods of care. These methods may include cooking classes t hat prepare cultural dishes, developing a community vegetable garden, and implementing appropriate screening tools (Harris, Bhattacharyya, Dyck, Naqshbandi Hayward, Toth, 2013; Health Canada, 2013). The study conducted by Topp et al (2013) was designed to testShow MoreRelatedDiabetes Of Pregnancy Among First Nations Women1797 Words   |  8 PagesFirst Nations women† (Mayan, Oster, Toth, 2014), it was discovered that important aspects of the study process such as its purpose, research questions, and significance were made very clear to the reader. The purpose of the study was to bring a greater understanding to why diabetes rates among First Nations women were higher than that of non-indigenous women and with that, find more suitable options of prevention and treatment of diabetes among this group (Mayan, Oster, Toth, 2014, p. 1469). ThisRead MoreA Brief Note On Diabetes And Pregnancy Among First Nations Women By Oster, Mayan, And Toth1605 Words   |  7 Pagesamong First Nations women† by Oster, Mayan, and Toth (2014) for its relevance to nursing/healthcare, the purpose of the study, research questions, and significance were made very clear. The purpose of the s tudy was to acquire a deeper understanding of the perspectives held by First Nations women with the intention of discovering more culturally appropriate interventions to prevent and treat diabetes in pregnancy among this group (Oster, Mayan, Toth, 2014). The study is relevant to nursing in that

Behavioral trend- Adolescent rebellion Free Essays

Throughout generations, adolescent behavioral trend has been a matter of concern for families and schools. Their rebellious attitude has drawn attention of many psychologists. Usual defiance includes mood swings, disobedience, anger, criticism, disagreement, and harmful habits like smoking, drugs. We will write a custom essay sample on Behavioral trend- Adolescent rebellion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Socioeconomic status of the youth is a major factor. The urge to be accepted by their peers, leads to comparison for equality. Peer pressure is perhaps the most vital and unavoidable element in adolescence. Columbia University Teachers Suniya S. Luthar and Nadia S. Ansary wrote following: In a comparative study of middle school students at the two socioeconomic extremes, Becker and Luther (2004) found that â€Å"good students† enjoyed high peer status in both suburban and urban settings; by contrast, it was only the high income youth who admired peers seen as â€Å"bad students†. Society which does not view teenagers as adults restricts their freedom, believing it to be in their best interest. Parents often believe that adolescents cannot make good decisions. This restriction of freedom leads to rebellious behavior. However, â€Å"a Cornwell study from 2006 determined that teens are more likely to consider risk while making a decision, and for a longer period of time, than adults† (Cornell University, 2006, December 12). Psychologist Laurence Steinberg says that a large factor in teenage rebellion is the natural early development of the socioemotional network. (Cited in Temple University, 2007) References Luthar,S. S. Ansary,N. S. (2005). Dimensions of adolescent rebellion. Development and Psychopathology, 10, 231-243. Steinberg,S (2007). Teenage rebellion and the socioemotional network. Science Daily. Retreived April 6, 2010 from www. sciencedaily. com How to cite Behavioral trend- Adolescent rebellion, Papers

Outlier free essay sample

However, after reading Malcolm Gladwell’s opinion my beliefs are now different. One of the more important examples Malcolm Gladwell mentions that showed how different I thought was the success story of Bill Gates. I personally believed that Bill Gates was successful only because he was an intelligent man who was driven by hard work and his goal to create the personal computer. Previous to this novel my only education on Bill Gates was from reading short articles about him and from what I have heard from friends and teachers. What I did not know about Bill Gates was his given circumstance and the support from his family and others. Malcolm Gladwell mentions that there important opportunities that were â€Å"incredible lucky series of events†(Gladwell, 2008), that created his success. Some of the opportunities Bill Gates was given were his â€Å"free computer time at the University of Washington†(Gladwell, 2008) and also previous to that his mother along with others â€Å"had enough money to pay for his high school Lakesides computer fees†(Gladwell, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Outlier or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Without the circumstance of Bill Gates receiving free computer time, chances are he wouldn’t have been nearly as intelligent and innovative with computers as he is today. To reiterate Malcolm Gladwell’s argument about super achievers are successful because of their families, in Bill Gates circumstance it is true. He wouldn’t have had the opportunity to practice with computers at a young age if his mother couldn’t afford to pay for the schools computer fees. Based on Bill Gates example Malcolm Gladwell writes about, it creates a credible argument to how he believes how to become successful. I did not even consider before reading this novel that family and the fortunate circumstances you are given are a substantial part to ones success. However, now it is crucial that it is not overlooked. 2. In my opinion, the â€Å"cultural language† in the United States varies across the country depending on where you are from. I believe that in some regions of the United States the cultural language is similar to the language represented by the co-pilot Koltz in â€Å"The Ethnic Theory of Plane Crashes†(Gladwell, 2008). However, I also believe in other vicinities in the United States the cultural language is outgoing and in the situation presented in the plane crash chapter, the cultural language would have been much more extrovert. The cultural language across the United States has emerged and evolved based on where you and your parents are from and how you were raised. Moments before the plane â€Å"Avianca 052†(Gladwell, 2008) crashed after running out of fuel, Co-Pilot Mauricio Klotz attempted to warn Kennedy Airport that their airplane did not have the sufficient amount of fuel to land. However, because Klotz was using â€Å"his own cultural language†, the controllers were not able to comprehend the trouble Avianca 052 was really in. I believe Klotz’s mitigated speech during this problem is similar to some cultural languages in the United States. For example, Malcolm Gladwell discusses Robert Sternberg’s theory of â€Å"practical intelligence†(Gladwell, 2008). To Sternberg, practical intelligence is â€Å"knowledge that helps out read situations correctly and get what you want†(Gladwell, 2008). It is clear that Klotz’s cultural language lacked practical intelligence. However, I believe numerous cultures in the United States also lack the same intelligence. Malcolm Gladwell recalls a study where â€Å"Annette Lareau conducted a fascinating study of a group of third graders†(Gladwell, 2008). Results of the study showed that lower-class children are â€Å"quiet and submissive†(Gladwell, 2008). Therefore, children and adults who are from lower-class families very well could have responded the same way Klotz did during a time of emergency. The cultural language of the United States can also be outgoing and far from â€Å"quiet and submissive†. Malcolm Gladwell discusses the South and the personalities people possess there. From results of an experiment, it had shown that Southerners were more willing to stand up for themselves. The experiment consisted of calling them an â€Å"asshole† to see if it â€Å"caused their levels of testosterone and cortisol-the hormones that drive arousal and aggression-to go up† (Gladwell, 2008). The results were the Southerners â€Å"were angry, their cortisol and testosterone jumped. Their handshakes got firm†. It is easy to predict how a Southerner would have reacted to a plane moment’s way from crashing if they react strongly to simply being called a derogatory name. My guess is that if a Southerner was a co-pilot, the controllers at Kennedy Airport would have understood the trouble the airplane was in. I believe our vast cultural language derived from what Malcolm Gladwell would call â€Å"the culture of honor†(Gladwell, 2008). The â€Å"culture of honor† describes people behave the way they do because of where â€Å"you grew up or where your parents grew up†¦where your great-grandparents and your great-great-grandparents grew up and even where your great-great-great-grandparents grew up†(Gladwell, 2008). This explains our difference in the United States culture because the majority of the people living in the United States families were once immigrants. People come from all over the world to live in the U. S. and that is why are culture is different from any others. I believe our vast cultural language works in favor with our social structure because it matches with the supply and demand of our economy. For example, there are plenty of jobs in the United States where people who respect their superiors and are afraid to speak up can work. Also, there are opportunities to open up your own business if you contain traits similar to Malcolm Gladwell’s example of a Southerner and do not mesh well with being told what to do. 3. When Gladwell says that biologists talk about the ‘ecology’ of an organism he is referring to why certain organisms are more successful than others. Malcolm Gladwell is inferring that the â€Å"tallest oak in the forest is the tallest not just because it grew from the hardiest acorn†(Gladwell, 2008). It is the tallest oak in the forest because of many more reasons. Reasons that include luck and some things that cannot be controlled. For example, when discussing about oak trees, Gladwell mentions that one oak tree is the tallest because â€Å"no other tree blocked its sunlight†¦no rabbit chewed through its bark†¦ and no lumberjack cut it down before it matured†(Gladwell, 2008). Gladwell’s point of the ecology of this certain tree is that is it the most successful because of certain circumstances it was placed in. The â€Å"Matthew Effect† or also known as â€Å"accumulative advantage† is when â€Å"those who are successful are most likely to be given the kinds of special opportunities that lead to further success†(Gladwell, 2008). Malcolm Gladwell’s example of accumulative advantage is hockey players and how at a young age they achieve success. Gladwell discusses that â€Å"the professional hockey player starts out a little bit better than his peers. And that little difference leads to an opportunity that makes that difference a bit bigger†(Gladwell, 2008). An important implication of the hockey example is that the similarities in the age of the hockey players who have had success. The majority of the hockey players in Canada are born in â€Å"January, February, and March†(Gladwell, 2008). Because of the fact that these professional hockey players were born in the beginning of the year they had an advantage over those who were born later in the year. The reason why they have an advantage is because when they were young they were bigger and more matured than those who were born later in the year. Since that these hockey players were bigger than the other kids they were given the opportunity to play hockey at more of an elite level. This is a prime example of â€Å"The Matthew Effect† and it explains that ones who are successful are given more opportunities to be more successful. However, accumulative advantage and ecology both are very similar. For example, along with the accumulative advantage in the hockey player instance there is also ecology to it. As mentioned earlier, the ecology of an organism is lucky or uncontrollable circumstances that occur. For the most part, the date of birth of a person is often uncontrollable and is not often planned. Accumulative advantage and ecology as seen in this example, are often correlated with one another. In both the Matthew Effect and the ecology and an organism, people are given a better opportunity. References Gladwell, M. (2008). Outliers. New York: Little,Brown and Company.

Parenting theory Essays

Parenting theory Essays Parenting theory Essay Parenting theory Essay Parenting org will try to answer 2 question: which business should we own? What parenting approach will get the best performance from those busineses? Instead of looking at how businesses relate to one another, a parent organization should look at how well its skill fit its businesses needs and whether owning them creates or destroy value. Parenting theory suggest that most CEO should concern with two crucial questions: what business should this company, rather than rival, own and why? And What org structure. Management process and philosophy will foster superior performance from its businesses? The best parent companies create more value in their businesses than rivals would. Multi business bring together under a parent org businesses that could potentially be independent. Such parent company can justify themselves economically only of their influence creates value. For example: The parent org can improve business plan and budget , promote better linkages among them, provide especially competent central function or make wise choices in its own acquisitions , divestment and new ventures. How corporate parenting add value to its businesses units? That occur when the parents skills and resources fit well with the needs and opportunities of the businesses. If there is not a fit, the parent is likely destroy value. A parent that does not understand the critical success factors in a business is likely to destroy vale. To add value: ICM, Restructure, Knowledge, transfer skill and sharing activities. A parent without detailed knowledge of a business market my not be aware of the opportunity to combine sales. Synergy. Five type of synergies: Cost savings, Revenue enhancements, process improvements, financial engineering and tax benefit. COST SAVINGS This is the most common type of synergy and the easiest to estimate. Peter Shaw, head of mergers and acquisitions at the British chemical and pharmaceutical company ICI, refers to cost savings as hard synergies and points out that the level of certainty that they will be achieved is quite high. Usually, they come from eliminating jobs, facilities, and related expenses that are no longer needed when functions are consolidated, or they come from economies of scale in purchasing. Cost savings are likely to be especially large when one company acquires another from the same industry in the same country. For example, SBC Communications, the former South-western Bell, realized substantial cost savings when it acquired Pacific Telesis. Within the first two years of this merger, SBC saved more than $200 million in information-technology operating and maintenance costs. It also saved tens of millions of dollars by combining the merged companies purchasing power. Even though cost savings are t he easiest synergy to calculate, overly optimistic projections certainly do occur, so you need to look very carefully at the numbers you 1 re presented with. If youre evaluating projections, be aware of three common problems. First, analysts may overlook the fact that definitions of cost categories vary from company to company. (For example, are warranty costs included in the cost of production or the cost of sales?) So it may appear that there are more easily eliminated costs in a category than turn out to be the case. Second, costs are incurred in different places depending on the structure of each company. Acquirers may assume they can eliminate more corporate or divisional administrative costs than they actually can because essential work is getting done in unexpected places. Third, it is easier to eliminate positions than the people who fill them. Often a job is eliminated on paper, but the person in the job is very talented and must be shifted ewhere in the company. Therefore, if a consolidation Ins to suggest that 200 jobs are destined for the ax, that doesnt mean that 200 salaries are, too Acquirers often underestimate how long it will take to realize cost savings. Sometimes that happens because the plans specifying how integration will proceed are insufficiently detailed. In other cases, it happens because the people in both companies are resistant to change, and senior managers often delay making tough cost cutting decisions. And, of course, the longer it takes for cost savings to be realized, the less value they create. REVENUE ENHANCEMENTS Its sometimes possible for an acquirer and its target to achieve a higher level of sales growth together than either company could on its own. Revenue enhancements are notoriously hard to estimate, however, because they involve external variables beyond managements control. The customer base of the acquired company, for instance, may react negatively to different prices and product features. A combined customer base may balk at making too many purchases from a single supplier. And competitors may lower their prices in response to an acquisition. Revenue enhancements are so difficult to predict, in fact, that some wise companies dont even include them when calculating synergy value. Matthew Slatter, the CEO of Bank of Melbourne, says, We model this [revenue enhancements], but never factor it into the price. Similarly, Peter Shaw at ICI considers them soft synergies and discounts them heavily in calculations of synergy value. Despite their dangers, revenue enhancements can create real value. Sometimes the target brings a superior or complementary product to the more extensive distribution channel of the acquirer. That happened when Lloyds TSB acquired the Cheltenham and Gloucester Building Society (which had a better home-loan product) and Abbey Life (which had insurance products). In both cases, Lloyds TSB was able to sell those products to its dramatically larger retail customer base, thus generating more revenue than the three entities could have done individually. Similarly, having acquired Duracell for a 20% premium, Gillette was confirmed in its expectation that selling Duracell batteries through Gillettes existing channels for personal care products would increase sales, particularly internationally. Gillette sold Duracell products in 25 new markets in the first year after the acquisition and substantially increased sales in established international markets. In other instances, a target companys distribution channel can be used to escalate the sales of the acquiring companys product. That occurred at Gillette when it acquired Parker Pen. In calculating what it could pay, Gillette estimated that it would be able to get an additional $25 million in sales for its own Waterman pens by taking advantage of Parkers distribution channels. A final kind of revenue enhancement occurs when the bigger, post-acquisition company gains sufficient critical mass to attract revenue neither company would have been able to realize alone. Consider what happened when ABN and AMRO merged to form ABN AMRO, the large Dutch bank. Afterward, other large banks pulled the new company in on syndicated loans that neither ABN nor AMRO would have been asked to participate in individually. PROCESS IMPROVEMENTS Cost savings result from eliminating duplication or from purchasing in volume; revenue enhancements are generated from combining different strengths from the two organizations. Process improvements, by contrast, occur when managers transfer best practices and core competencies from one company to another. That results in both cost savings and revenue enhancements. The transfer of best practices can flow in either direction. The acquirer may buy a company because the target is especially good at something. Conversely, the acquirer may see that it can drastically improve the targets performance in a key area because of some competence the acquirer has already mastered. Take the case of National Australia Banks purchase of Florida mortgage lender HomeSide. HomeSide has an extremely efficient mortgage-servicing process that NAB plans to transfer to its banking operations in Australia, New Zealand, and. the United Kingdom. The same was true of ABN AMRO when it acquired the U.S. commercial bank Standard Federal. In that case, process improvements went hand in hand with cost savings: because its mortgage operation was so efficient, SF eventually took over the combined banks entire mortgage business. Product development processes can also be improved so that new products can be produced at lower cost and get to market faster. Such was the case when Johnson Controls acquired Prince Corporation, a maker of rear-view mirrors, door panels, visors, and other parts of automobile interiors. Prince was better than Johnson Controls at understanding customers needs-both existing and anticipated-and consequently it produced higher-margin products. Prince also had an excellent process for ramping up production of new products, which enabled it to move from design to mass production about twice as fast as Johnson Controls could, maintaining higher quality levels while speeding cycle times. Johnson learned from Prince and was soon able to apply those advantages to its own products. For an example of the process improvements an acquiring company can bring to the table, take a look at newspaper giant Gannett. Gannett has a database of financial and nonfinancial measures for each of its 85 newspapers; executives use this rich resource to determine best practices, both boosting revenue and lowering costs. Larry Miller, Gannetts CFO, explains, We have been able to dramatically improve the papers weve bought. The key for us is knowing in very minute detail how to run a business. This gives us very specific ideas for improvement. Through more efficient production and distribution processes, Gannett has been able to extend its deadlines for news and advertising copy while simultaneously delivering the newspaper more quickly. That helps advertisers and improves Gannetts revenue. Gannett is also able to determine where classified rates are too high, hurting volume, and where they are too low, leaving money on the table. Because it can expect to yield quick, substantial p rocess improvements, Gannett can pay very high premiums for its acquisitions. When you consider that many of the acquisitions are run independently-and so dont offer many consolidation opportunities-the high premiums are quite extraordinary. In fact, Miller has told us, People are often shocked at what we pay. In nearly all cases, though, performance improvements after the fact have justified the high prices. The synergies of cost savings, revenue enhancements, and process improvements may be easy to understand conceptually, but our research demonstrates how hard they are to forecast accurately. Why? Most calculations of synergy value occur under horrendous conditions: time pressure is intense, information is limited, and confidentiality must be maintained. Since conditions are so far from ideal, the managers and board members responsible for the final decision should always scrutinize the assumptions underlying the numbers. FINANCIAL ENGINEERING Acquirers often think-and hope-that if they borrow cash to finance a transaction, theyll reduce the weighted average cost of capital. That is not a good reason to do a deal. If either the acquirer or the target company could afford to take on more debt; each could have borrowed it on its own. However, some companies can find genuine synergies through financial engineering. For example, an acquisition can increase the size of a company to a level where there are clear economic benefits to pooling working- capital finance requirements and surplus cash, as well as netting currency positions. These benefits can be quite substantial. When the Credit Suisse Group merged with Winterthur, 10% of the forecasted synergies came from reducing funding costs through optimized capital management. Heres another genuine financial-engineering synergy: a transaction may allow a company to refinance the targets debt at the acquirers more favourable borrowing rate without affecting the acquirers credit rating. That is especially likely to happen in the financial services sector because those companies are big and their risk is diversified. TAX BENEFITS Tax considerations are often a barrier that must be overcome to justify a deal, a fact that makes tax-related synergies very difficult to assess. Its useful to distinguish between tax structuring, which makes the deal possible, and tax engineering (also called tax planning), which ensures that the overall tax rate of the combined company is equal to or lower than the blended tax rates of the two companies before the deal. Regulators often believe that companies using perfectly legitimate structuring and engineering techniques to avoid incurring additional costs are simply taking advantage of loopholes. Thus companies are not anxious to disclose any clever techniques they may have used. The goal of tax structuring is to avoid as many onetime tax costs as possible. Those costs may include capital and transfer duties, as well as change-of-ownership provisions that can trigger capital gains or prevent tax losses from being carried forward.

Pope Francis Quotes on Racism, Xenophobia, Immigration

Pope Francis Quotes on Racism, Xenophobia, Immigration Pope Francis has received praise for his forward-thinking views since 2013 when he became the first pontiff from Latin America. While the Catholic Church leader has not backed same-sex marriage or reproductive rights, he’s suggested that gay people and women who’ve had abortions deserve empathy and forgiveness, a departure from previous pontiffs. Given his views on these issues, progressives wondered what the pope might have to say about race relations when he made his first visit to the United States in September 2015. At that time, racial tensions continued to run high in the nation, with police killings and allegations of police brutality routinely making the news and trending on social media networks. Prior to his U.S. visit, Pope Francis had not specifically commented on the Black Lives Matter movement, but he had weighed in on racism, xenophobia, stereotypes, and diversity around the world. Familiarize yourself with the pope’s views on race relations with the following quotes. All Forms of Intolerance Should Be Fought Pope Francis  came down hard on intolerance while speaking to a group from the Simon Wiesenthal Center in Rome in October 2013. He highlighted the center’s goal â€Å"to combat every form of racism, intolerance, and anti-Semitism† and noted that he’d recently reaffirmed the Catholic Church’s condemnation of anti-Semitism. â€Å"Today I wish to emphasize that the problem of intolerance must be confronted in all its forms: wherever any minority is persecuted and marginalized because of its religious convictions or ethnic identity, the well-being of society as a whole is endangered and each one of us must feel affected,† he said. â€Å"With particular sadness I think of the sufferings, the marginalization and the very real persecutions which not a few Christians are undergoing in various countries. Let us combine our efforts in promoting a culture of encounter, respect, understanding, and mutual forgiveness.† Although the pope could have limited his discussion of religious intolerance, he included intolerance based on ethnic identity in his speech as well, an indication that he’s concerned about the treatment of all minority groups. The World Cup as an Instrument of Peace When the FIFA World Cup kicked off in June 2014, many sports fans focused exclusively on whether their favorite teams would advance in the soccer (football) tournament, but Pope Francis offered a different viewpoint on the games. Before the opening match between Brazil and Croatia, Francis said the World Cup could teach the public a great deal about solidarity, teamwork, and honoring opponents. â€Å"To win, we must overcome individualism, selfishness, all forms of racism, intolerance, and manipulation of people,† he said. One cannot be a self-centered player and experience success, he said. â€Å"Let nobody turn their back on society and feel excluded!† he said. â€Å"No to segregation! No to racism!† Francis is reportedly a lifelong fan of the Buenos Aires soccer team San Lorenzo and hoped the World Cup served as a â€Å"festival of solidarity between peoples.† â€Å"Sport is not only a form of entertainment but also - and above all I would say - a tool to communicate values that promote the good that is in humans and help build a more peaceful and fraternal society,† he said. End Racism Against U.S.-Bound Migrants A year before real estate mogul-turned-President Donald Trump branded some undocumented immigrants from Mexico as rapists and drug traffickers, Pope Francis called on the United States to adopt a humanitarian approach to the migrants crossing the border, especially children. â€Å"Many people forced to emigrate suffer, and often die tragically,† the pope stated on July 15, 2014, in a message addressing a global conference in Mexico. â€Å"Many of their rights are violated, they are obliged to separate from their families and, unfortunately, continue to be the subject of racist and xenophobic attitudes.† Francis could have framed the situation on the U.S.-Mexico border as a humanitarian crisis without invoking racism and xenophobia, but he made a point to recognize how attitudes about â€Å"the other† influence immigration policy. The pope has a history of advocating for refugees, remarking on an Italian island in 2013 that the public was indifferent to the dire circumstances in which North African and Middle Eastern migrants find themselves. Stereotypes and the Criminal Justice System On Oct. 23, 2014, Pope Francis addressed a delegation from the International Association of Penal Law. Speaking to the group, Francis discussed the widespread idea that public punishment is the solution to difficult social problems. He expressed his disagreement with this view and questioned the motives of public punishment. â€Å"Scapegoats are not only sought to pay, with their freedom and with their life, for all social ills such as was typical in primitive societies, but over and beyond this, there is at times a tendency to deliberately fabricate enemies: stereotyped figures who represent all the characteristics that society perceives or interprets as threatening,† he said. â€Å"The mechanisms that form these images are the same that allowed the spread of racist ideas in their time.† This is the closest Francis came to addressing the Black Lives Matter movement before his visit to the U.S. in September 2015. Like many activists in the movement, Francis suggests that racial scapegoating factors into why society favors taking freedom away from some groups and placing them behind bars for years rather than remedy the social ills that keep prisons overflowing. Embracing Differences While discussing tensions between Catholics and Muslims in January 2015, Pope Francis once again emphasized the need to accept differences. He told a delegation affiliated with the Pontifical Institute of Arab and Islamist Studies that â€Å"patience and humility† are musts in the Islamic-Christian dialogue to avoid fueling â€Å"stereotypes and preconceptions.† â€Å"The most effective antidote to every form of violence is education about discovering and accepting difference as richness and fertileness,† Francis said. As his other remarks on diversity indicate, accepting differences can apply to religious faith, ethnicity, race and much more. The lesson to be learned, according to the pope, is that people don’t divide themselves and lash out against others based on differences.

Saguaro National Park Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Saguaro National Park - Research Paper Example The Northern part of the State’s claim to fame is that of the Grand Canyon, the most recognizable Wonder of the World; the White Mountains’ sprawling ranges are peppered with vast stands of Ponderosa Pines, historic Western towns, and ski resorts. Additionally, Monument Valley, which stirs up awe in anyone who crosses it, has appeared in several films; and boating enthusiasts from different parts of the State frequent Arizona’s Lake Powell (Joyce, 2). Moreover, of great significance is Saguaro National Park, formerly Saguaro National Monument, which is the focus of this paper. History of Saguaro National Park Saguaro National Parkis made of 91,327 acres and is made up of two separate sections namely the Rincon Mountain District (Saguaro East) and the Tucson Mountain District (Saguaro West) (Shannontech.com, 1). The significance of this national park lies in the rich Sonoran Desert’s diversity life found within a framework of prehistoric and historic human occupation (Colostate.edu, 13). Historically, Saguaro has evidently had human habitation for as long as twelve thousand years ago. During that time, the region was much wetter as opposed to the way it presently is. It supported habitation by such animals as the bison, mammoth, among other mammals. The Hohokam people settled in Saguaro roughly 2300 years ago and they had learned to carry out agriculture by 700 AD. For many centuries, these people thrived in the Santa Cruz Valley (where Tucson is presently situated) but in the fifteenth century, they vanished (Shannontech.com, 3). Saguaro national park became a national monument in the year 1933 following a presidential proclamation by Herbert Hoover. It became the first monument reserved to protect a plant species. In 1959, there was need for extra effort to prevent people from exploring the opening part of the park's area for copper. Towards the end of the year 1961, President Kennedy signed a bill that expanded the monument by adding Tucson Mountain district’s 15,360 acres to the monument. Later, twenty-one thousand more acres were added to this district. In October 1994, following a bill signed by President Bill Clinton, Saguaro National Park was established as the United States’ 52nd national park (Shannontech.com, 6 & Uhler, 1). Plants Although Saguaro National Park is situated within a desert, there is a profusion of life. The park has magnificent examples of Sonoran Desert ecosystem that include various desert plants, as well as the renowned saguaro cactus, an American Southwest symbol (Shannontech.com, 1). Braun explains that plants foun d in this park vary from desert vegetation such as cacti, creosote and ocotillo in the lower elevations to Douglas-fir oak, and ponderosa pine in Rincon Mountains’ upper elevations (10). Plants that grow in Saguaro National Park are adapted to drought in such a way that they go dormant to conserve their water in periods of long dry seasons. Many plants seem lifeless during these periods but they are capable of coming to life budding new green leaves soon after a rainfall. For instance, a plant called ocotillo transforms from what was seemingly a handful of lifeless sticks into a sunny shrub with its branches tall and green within only forty-eight hours following a rainfall (Nps.gov, 1). Uhler explains that the saguaro cactus has been portrayed as the king of the Sonoran Desert, as a plant with personality, as the supreme symbol of the American Southwest, and as a prickly horror. It is famous for the variety of odd, with the shapes that it assumes inspiring fanciful and wild i maginings and some assuming all too human shapes. At times, giant saguaro cacti attain a height of 50 feet. These plants are unique to the Sonoran Desert.

Summary of Benjamin R. Bates. Audiences, Metaphors, and the Persian Essay

Summary of Benjamin R. Bates. Audiences, Metaphors, and the Persian Gulf War - Essay Example The American public was crucial to the Persian Gulf War. A number of communication scholars viewed Bush's actions as critical to acquiring and retaining this domestic public endorsement. However, some appeals that might work wonders with a domestic audience are not likely to be convincing to an international audience. For instance, appeals to American nationalism, American civil religion, or American exceptionalism may work well for an American audience, but are not likely to influence Omani, or Senegalese audiences. Other appeals, though, may persuade both domestic and international constituencies. Appeals that cross audiences are especially important in war rhetoric. Instead of being the persuasion of the whole cosmopolis, international persuasion can be considered the persuasion of opinion leaders that hold power in other states. In constructing persuasive appeals to international opinion leaders, Bush cannot simply speak however one wishes. According to Bates research Bush did four things successfully to persuade international opinion leaders. First, Bush identified appropriate international opinion leaders for persuasion. The Persian Gulf War was framed as a military issue. Therefore, Bush sought to convince the heads of other states to join the American military coalition. Bush also created the manifestation of consultation and dialogue through telephone diplomacy and personal consultations. Con

Catalytic Power And Specificity Of Enzymes Biology Essay

Catalytic Power And Specificity Of Enzymes Biology Essay Enzymes are mainly proteins, that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates, and the enzyme converts them into different molecules, called the products. Almost all processes in a biological cell need enzymes to occur at significant rates. Catalytic power and specificity are the two characteristics of enzymes which require explanation. The structure of the enzymes active site will provide us with the beginnings of an explanation. Since a catalyst must come in contact with the substrate to initiate any reaction, there must be a fit between the substrate and the active site. Right away, some substrate molecules will fit and others will not, so some substrates will react and others will not. The fit can come about either because the molecule fits easily into the enzymes active site (lock-and-key model) or because the enzymes structure adjusts to the substrates entry (induced fit model). Inhibition of enzymes results in a decrease in or elimination of the effect an enzyme has on the rate of a reaction. There are two main types of inhibitors reversible inhibitors and irreversible inhibitors. Reversible inhibitors do not completely stop the enzyme from catalyzing a reaction, and if the concentration of the inhibitor is lowered the enzymatic activity returns to its normal level. The reaction can still proceed but at a much slower rate, depending on the amount of inhibitor and substrate present. If concentrations of the inhibitor are lowered they tend to dissociate from the enzyme. There are three mechanisms for reversible inhibition: Competitive inhibition where the inhibitor resembles the substrate and binds to the same point on the enzyme that the substrate would, Non-competitive inhibition where the inhibitor does not bind to the same point as the substrate but slows down the reaction regardless. Uncompetitive inhibition where the inhibitor binds to the enzyme when the substrate is already bound. Irreversible inhibitors bind strongly to the enzyme usually via covalent bonds and do not dissociate when concentrations are lowered: thus their name. Bonding can occur at the active site or elsewhere on the enzyme, but the overall effect is to inactivate the enzyme. Myocardial infarction Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is defined as death or necrosis of myocardial cells. It is a diagnosis at the end of the spectrum of myocardial ischemia or acute coronary syndromes. Myocardial infarction occurs when myocardial ischemia exceeds a critical threshold and overwhelms myocardial cellular repair mechanisms designed to maintain normal operating function and hemostasis. This is most commonly due to occlusion (blockage) of a coronary artery following the rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque, which is an unstable collection of lipids (fatty acids) and white blood cells (especially macrophages) in the wall of an artery. symptoms of acute myocardial infarction include sudden chest pain (typically radiating to the left arm or left side of the neck), shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, sweating, and anxiety (often described as a sense of impending doom). Women may experience fewer typical symptoms than men, most commonly shortness of breath, weakness, a feeling of indigestion, and fatigue. Approximately one quarter of all myocardial infarctions is silent, without chest pain or other symptoms. Treatment of myocardial infarction  · Thrombolytic therapy has been shown to improve survival rates in patients with acute myocardial infarction if administered in a timely fashion in the appropriate group of patients. If percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capability is not available or will cause a delay greater than 90 minutes, then the optimal approach is to administer thrombolytics within 12 hours of onset of symptoms in patients with ST-segment elevation greater than 0.1 mV in 2 or more contiguous ECG leads, new left bundle-branch block (LBBB), or anterior ST depression consistent with posterior infarction. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is superior to streptokinase in achieving a higher rate of coronary artery patency; however, the key to efficacy lies in the speed of the delivery of therapy.  · Aspirin and/or antiplatelet therapy o Aspirin has been shown to decrease mortality and re-infarction rates after myocardial infarction. Administer aspirin immediately, which the patient should chew if possible upon presentation. Continue aspirin indefinitely unless an obvious contraindication, such as a bleeding tendency or an allergy, is present. Clopidogrel may be used as an alternative in cases of a resistance or allergy to aspirin. Recent data from the CLARITY trial (CLopidogrel as Adjunctive ReperfusIon Therapy Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction [TIMI] 28) suggest that adding clopidogrel to this regimen is safe and effective. The clopidogrel dose used was 300 mg. Further studies suggest that a higher dose of clopidogrel may have added benefit. o Administer a platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa-receptor antagonist, in addition to acetylsalicylic acid and unfractionated heparin (UFH), to patients with continuing ischemia or with other high-risk features and to patients in whom a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is planned. Eptifibatide and tirofiban are approved for this use. Abciximab also can be used for 12-24 hours in patients with unstable angina or NSTEMI in whom a PCI is planned within the next 24 hours.  · Heparin (and other anticoagulant agents) has an established role as an adjunctive agent in patients receiving t-PA, but not in patients receiving streptokinase. Heparin is also indicated in patients undergoing primary angioplasty. Few data exist with regard to efficacy in patients not receiving thrombolytic therapy in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. Low molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) have been shown to be superior to UFHs in patients with unstable angina or NSTEMI. Bivalirudin (a direct thrombin inhibitor)  has shown some promise in the setting of STEMI if combined with high-dose clopidogrel load and may be an appropriate alternative strategy.  · Nitrates have no apparent impact on mortality rate in patients with ischemic syndromes. Their utility is in symptomatic relief and preload reduction. Administer to all patients with acute myocardial infarction within the first 48 hours of presentation, unless contraindicated (ie, in RV infarction).  · ACE inhibitors reduce mortality rates after myocardial infarction. Administer ACE inhibitors as soon as possible as long as the patient has no contraindications and remains in stable condition. ACE inhibitors have the greatest benefit in patients with ventricular dysfunction. Continue ACE inhibitors indefinitely after myocardial infarction. Angiotensin-receptor blockers may be used as an alternative in patients who develop adverse effects, such as a persistent cough, although initial trials need to be confirmed.  · Beta-blockers may reduce the rates of reinfarction and recurrent ischemia. Administer to patients with myocardial infarction unless a contraindication is present. However,  a  large chinese trial  showed no benefit to beta-blockade. This has created some doubt as to the benefit  and may lead to a change in the guidelines. Enzyme pattern in myocardial infarction 1. Troponin Normal: Values and units vary from lab to lab Abnormal: Blood levels of troponin I typically rise within 4 to 6 hours after a heart attack reach peak concentrations within 10 to 24 hours, and fall to normal levels within 10 to 15 days. Elevated troponin levels may indicate heart muscle injury Troponin Values 12 hrs after onset of pain: Test Lower limit Upper limit Unit Comments Troponin-T 0.02 ng/mL or ÃŽÂ ¼g/L Upper limit of normal Troponin-I 0.2 ng/mL or ÃŽÂ ¼g/L Upper limit of normal Troponin-T 0.02 0.10 ng/mL or ÃŽÂ ¼g/L Acute Coronary Syndrome Troponin-I 0.2 1.00 ng/mL or ÃŽÂ ¼g/L Acute Coronary Syndrome Troponin-T 0.10 n/a ng/mL or ÃŽÂ ¼g/L Myocardial Infarction likely Troponin-I 1.00 n/a ng/mL or ÃŽÂ ¼g/L Myocardial Infarction likely 2. Creatine kinase  · Myocardial muscle creatine kinase (CK-MB) is found mainly in the heart.  · CK-MB levels increase within 3-12 hours of onset of chest pain, reach peak values within 24 hours, and return to baseline after 48-72 hours.  · Sensitivity and specificity are not as high as for troponin levels.  · Function of Creatine Kinase: A chemical reaction where creatine is converted into phosphocreatine is catalyzed by creatine kinase. This conversion takes place when it applies itself to the utilization of ATP or adenosine triphosphate. Adenosine diphosphate is a basic energy source for brain, skeletal muscle and smooth muscle. Phoshocreatine is an energy reservoir for adenosine diphosphates regeneration. In clinical terms, this enzyme is used as a marker for myocardial infarction which is heart attack and in muscle breakdown by assaying it in blood tests.  · Normal Values for CK, CPK Men 5-100 IU/L Women 10-70 IU/L Pregnancy 5-40 IU/L 3. Lactate dehydrogenase  · Lactate dehydrogenase: (LDH) An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate. This is an important step in energy production in cells. Many different types of cells in the body contain this enzyme. Some of the organs relatively rich in LDH are the heart, kidney, liver, and muscle.  · Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LAD) level rises above the reference range within 24 hours of a myocardial infarction, reaches a peak within 3-6 days, and returns to the baseline within 8-12 days.  · Normal ranges Test Lower limit Upper limit Unit Comments Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 50 150 U/L 0.4 1.7 ÃŽÂ ¼mol/L LDH (enzyme activity) 1.8 3.4  µkat/L 4. Myoglobin  · Myoglobin is found in cardiac and skeletal muscle.  · Myoglobin is a protein in heart and skeletal muscles. When you exercise, your muscles use up any available oxygen. Myoglobin has oxygen attached to it, which provides extra oxygen for the muscle to maintain a high level of activity for a longer period of time.  · When muscle is damaged, myoglobin is released into the bloodstream. Ultimately, it is removed in the urine.  · It is released more rapidly from infarcted myocardium than troponin and CK-MB and may be detected as early as 2 hours after an acute myocardial infarction.  · Myoglobin has high sensitivity but poor specificity. It may be useful for the early detection of myocardial infarction.  · The normal (negative) range is 0 to 85 nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL). Greater-than-normal levels (a positive result) may indicate:  · Skeletal muscle ischemia (blood deficiency)  · Skeletal muscle trauma  · Skeletal muscle inflammation (myositis)  · Heart attack  · Muscular dystrophy  · Rhabdomyolysis  · Malignant hyperthermia (very rare) 5. Natriuretic peptides Studies in several types of acute coronary syndromes have shown that elevated levels of natriuretic peptides. One of the peptides that causes natriuresis, the excretion of an excessively large amount of sodium in the urine. The natriuretic peptides are produced by the heart and vasculature:  · A-type natriuretic peptide is secreted largely by the atrial myocardium in response to dilatation.  · B-type natriuretic peptide is manufactured mainly by the ventricular myocardium.  · C-type natriuretic peptide is produced by endothelial cells that line the blood vessels. B-type natriuretic peptide is useful in the diagnosis of heart failure. The finding of a low level of B-type natriuretic peptide tends to exclude heart failure. 5.a B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) A 32-amino-acid polypeptide secreted by the ventricles of the heart in response to excessive stretching of myocytes (heart muscles cells) in the ventricles. The levels of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are elevated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. BNP levels correlate with both the severity of symptoms and the prognosis in congestive heart failure. BNP levels are higher in patients with dyspnea (shortness of breath) due to heart failure than in patients with dyspnea from other causes. Rapid measurement of BNP in the emergency department therefore helps in the evaluation and treatment of patients with acute dyspnea and reduces the time to discharge and the cost of their treatment. BNP appears to be a useful marker of cardiovascular risk, even in people with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. The levels of BNP predict the risk of heart failure, first cardiovascular events, atrial fibrillation, and stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Film History

Have you ever wondered how the movies or videos that you watch first started? Well, you won’t stay with the doubt for long because I am about to tell you how it all began. One of the first inventions was called the zoetrope is a cylinder looking gadget which contains drawings in a strip of paper inside that appears to move according to The Museum of Childhood. This invention came out in 1834 by a great inventor called W. G. Horner. His invention is something that lots of people can enjoy by looking at the sequence.In 1867, the first device that showed movies and animated pictures was called a â€Å"zoopraxiscope† or the â€Å"wheel of life†. This starting invention was patented by a man called William Lincoln. The zoopraxiscope started by the motion of photographs and drawings. Later in 1895, a portable motion picture camera was invented by Louis Lumiere, a Frenchman. His invention became known as Cinematographe. It was a film processing unit and projector. This invention gave motion pictures the popularity. (According to the History of the Motion Picture http://inventors. about. om/library/inventors/ blmotionpictures . htm). After those two great inventions came even a better one. Thomas Edison and William Dickson, his British assistant, constructed a device for recording movement on film and another to view it in the late 1880s. (http://www. filmsite. org/pre20sintro. html). But new inventions didn’t stop here; in 1890 a new invention called Kinetograph was constructed by William Dickenson. This device gave directors a reason for motion pictures. The kinetograph was a â€Å"motor-powered camara that could photograph motion pictures† according to Film History Before 1920.It was designed so you were able to move the film through the camara by an electric motor. I think that the way that the inventions were coming was great because every time a new invention came it had better technology and it was a little bit more practical a nd easier to use than the ones from before. Film creation became greater later on, when one of the five big studios started: Warner Bros. Pictures. This is one of the world’s largest producers of film and entertainment. Warner Bros. Pictures was founded by Polish-Canadian immigrants in 1918. (According to Wikipedia)

Behind The Apple Steve Paul Jobs - 1192 Words

Behind the Apple â€Å"Steve Paul Jobs† Who was Steve Paul Jobs? Was Steve Jobs always the Man, the Myth and the Legend behind the Apple Company? What lead Jobs to his dreams, his beliefs, and his fortune? Steve Jobs his fall from Grace to his reinvention of the Apple Company. The birth of Steven Paul â€Å"Steve† Jobs took place on February 24, 1955 to a young lady by the name of Joanne Schieble. She had Jobs at the tender age of twenty-three while attending graduate school. Schieble’s father didn’t agree with her having a child outside of marriage, so she headed to San Francisco to live with a doctor who took care of unwed mothers and arranged adoptions. Even though Schieble wanted Steve to be adopted by college educated individuals, the family that was going to adopt him changed their minds. Clara and Paul Jobs a couple from San Francisco with barely any high school education embraced him. An extremely curious Jobs, was an awkward child growing up. Some of his teachers thought of him as a troublemaker that always caused havoc. Jobs’ father noticed that he enjoyed taking things apart and putting them back together. As a child his father, who was a carpenter, stressed to him how important it was to do things correctly. Paul Jobs’ craftsmanship and commitment to details made Steve obsessed with design and perfection. Perceived as an inquisitive child Steve so unquestionable intelligent, he was able to skip the fifth grade and transferred to the sixth grade atShow MoreRelatedSteve Paul Jobs And The Legend Behind The Apple Company1190 Words   |  5 Pages â€Æ' Behind the Apple â€Å"Steve Paul Jobs† Who was Steve Paul Jobs? Was Steve Jobs always the Man, the Myth and the Legend behind the Apple Company? What lead Jobs to his dreams, his beliefs, and his fortune? Steve Jobs his fall from Grace to his reinvention of the Apple Company. 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Abstinence-Only Education Is Harmful to American Teens Essay

In 1913, sex education became a topic that was found to be an important education tool. Since then, this form of education has been a hot and debatable topic among many Americans. The original reason for sex education classes was to reduce problems such as sexually transmitted illnesses and prostitution. In recent years, abstinence has become the focus of sex education curriculum. Abstinence means refraining from sex completely. Although, it is the only one-hundred percent way to prevent sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies, abstinence-only instruction should not be the only form of sex education taught. Our youth need to know about all aspects of sex. This intails how to protect them if they choose to become sexually†¦show more content†¦Due to the lack comprehensive sex education, they are left in the dark about how to be properly prepared for a situation that may arise regarding sexual activity and how to protect them against sexually transmitted dise ases and unplanned pregnancy. It is a great down fall the lack of education on contraceptives, which only leaves American teens at a greater risk for long-term consequences. People such as President George W. Bush has made no secret of his view that sex education should teach teenagers abstinence only rather than including information on other ways to avoid sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy. Unfortunately, despite spending more than $10 million on abstinence-only programs in Texas alone, this strategy has not been shown to be effective at curbing teen pregnancies or halting the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. (2010 Union of Concerned Scientists) In addition, the Bush administration distorted science-based performance measures to test whether abstinence-only programs were proving effective, such as charting the birth rate of female program participants. In place of such established measures, the Bush administration required the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) to track only participants program attendance and attitudes, measures designed to obscure the lack of efficacy of abstinence-only programs. (Federal Register 65:695 62-65, November 17, 2000). ThisShow MoreRelatedAbstinence Should Not Teach Students Safe Sex Practices1441 Words   |  6 Pagesbeing a known fact, there is no doubt that sex education is important. However, schools are teaching more on the abstinence spectrum. Preaching abstinence does not teach students safe-sex practices or a clear understanding of contraception. Abstinence-only programs have the best intentions, however they are flawed due to a biased perspective. In the year of 1996, the United States government passed a bill that funded states who offered abstinence-only programming in public schools. Ever since theRead MoreComprehensive, the Right Approach to Sex Education989 Words   |  4 PagesComprehensive, the Right Approach to Sex Education Since the first sex education video, Human Growth was shown in public schools in the 1940s, sex education in school has remained a controversial subject (Bellafante 9.1). In the present however, it is no longer disputed whether or not sex-ed should be taught, but what should be taught in a sex education program. Conservatives and Liberals both agree that sex education in public schools is important but, their views on what should be taughtRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Rates By Jacqueline Sedgwick s Article, American Adolescents And Emergency Contraceptive Pill Access843 Words   |  4 Pagesin America’s society today is teen pregnancy rates. In fact, â€Å"teen sexual activity, pregnancy, and childbearing are associated with substantial social, economic, and health costs† (Sedgwick). However, this problem is not one without a solution. The rise of teen pregnancy rates can be prevented and reversed by providing better access to birth control for teens, eliminating the negati ve connotation that accompanies abstinence, and implementing more efficient sex education in public schools. One solutionRead MoreThe Failure Of The Trump Wall. . . . . By. Christian Cisneros.1396 Words   |  6 PagesB. Columbia University C. American Academy of Pediatrics IV. Biased Views of Sexuality A. Abstinence-Only Programs B. Alienation III. Conclusion Morales3 Sex education is important, but many students finish sex education classes with a distorted view of sexuality and without a good understanding of contraception and safe-sex practices. Instead, children only learn that they should not have sex until they are married. Abstinence-only programs in public schools have becomeRead MoreShould Teenagers Have Access to Birth Control1648 Words   |  7 Pagesshould be available to teens. The birth control pill was approved by the FDA in 1960. Since then there have been many more contraceptives approved over the years. None of these are 100% effective. Some are more effective than others. The only one that is 100% effective is abstinence. Pregnancy, STD’s, and HIV are some of the dangers that are involved with teens and sex. Yes, abstinence is the best choice and the only one that is 100% effective from these dangers. I do think that teens should be taughtRead MoreSex Education And The Early 19th Century1204 Words   |  5 PagesSex education is instruction on issues relating to human sexuality, including emotional relations and responsibilities, human sexual anatomy, sexual activity, sexual reproduction, age of consent, reproductive health, reproductive rights, safe sex, birth control, and abstinence. Sex education that covers all of these aspects is known as comprehensive sex education as opposed to the abstinence only education that only promotes abstinence . Common avenues for sex education are parents or caregivers,Read MoreThe Failure Of The Trump Wall1500 Words   |  6 Pagesimmigration problem. In 1996, the United States government passed a law giving funding to states that offered abstinence-only programs in public schools. Since this time, over half of a billion dollars has been given to states to promote abstinence-only programs (Brody). To receive the money, schools must agree to follow a set of rules. The rules indicate that a school’s abstinence-only program must have as its exclusive purpose teaching the social, psychological, and health gains to be realizedRead MoreThe Stereotypes Against Teen Pregnancy1387 Words   |  6 PagesStereotypes against Teen Pregnancy Three in ten American girls get pregnant at least once before age twenty, making it approximately 750,000 teen pregnancies every year. About twenty five percent of teen moms have a second child within twenty four months from their first pregnancy. More than fifty percent of teen moms never graduate high school and less than two percent are able to earn a college degree by age thirty. The United States is known to have one of the highest teen pregnancy rates spendingRead MoreEssay on Teaching No, but Saying Yes1540 Words   |  7 PagesTeaching No, but Saying Yes America has the highest number of teen pregnancies with 750,000 teenage girls becoming pregnant each year and HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, a leading cause of death in young people, infects America’s youth everyday (Sun). The lives of ordinary young men and women are abruptly interrupted when they learn they will soon be parents or must now live with an incurable disease. With this information in mind, American public schools need to be teaching middle school and highRead Moreâ€Å"Am I Going To Die† Are The Words That Are Forever Engraved1551 Words   |  7 Pageswas now his life. His doctor had just informed him that he was HIV positive, just a few months shy of his high school graduation. He is just one out of the 12,000 teens that contracts HIV every year (CDC). Because the majority of adolescents have some form of sexual exposure by the time they leave high school, a comprehensive sex education program is necessary to teach them the skill and tools to protec t themselves from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and unwanted pregnancy. The rise in STD rates